India’s tobacco taxation framework is entering a decisive phase as the “tobacco excise duty 2026 reforms” align with the scheduled end of the GST compensation cess. For manufacturers, retailers, and consumers, these changes are important as they directly affect pricing, tax structure, and market dynamics. Tobacco products in India attract one of the highest indirect tax burdens, with Central Excise Duty, National Calamity Contingent Duty (NCCD), GST, and GST compensation cess operating together. While excise duty is levied and collected